healthfitnessnwellness

Obesity in India is on the rise. It has reached enormous proportions. As I sit and count at airports, the number of women who look obviously overweight and obese, the figures I get is 8 out of 10. And this is around same in children of all sexes and around 6 in 10 men show clearcut overweight and obesity that is obvious even to naked eye. Anthropometric measurements might reveal more of them.  What are the likely causes? I have a theory that starts analysing these cases right from the 2000s or previous century. Junk food eating and sedantry lifestyle had already given an upward push to obesity in last century. And this also gave rise to diabetes mellitus in both men and women. Hence, such mothers also had diabetes in pregnancy. Some who did not have diabetes otherwise had gestational diabetes. From 2000 to 2026 prevalence of gestational diabetes has risen in india. It has even spread to rural areas and recent national data gives a figure of 22.4% which is almost 1 in 4 pregnant mot...

Review article writing for academic journals used to be fun. Putting all the available data and updates into a systematic way that would be useful for readers and students. But this seems to be a thing of the past. Publishing houses and journal editors have made this simple process cumbersome and irritating thanks to the confines of structure in which you are supposed to put forth your points.  1. This does not actually help the readers in any way. Readers want a simple article that has all the information and is comprehensive and easy to decipher. Why should readers be bothered to know on how you gathered your data and information? But journals now insist on methodology even for review article. It is a useless exercise. 2. Even if authors put the methodology, how are editors going to confirm that it is an accurate one? 3. What about the author's own expertise in the subject? If the author is an expert on the subject, the author would intuitively know what is right and wrong and pu...

Imagine a mother who is physically present but mentally and emotionally absent. This could be due to two factors: 1. Normal mother who hates family or children - this could be a cultural problem, or upbringing problem or an individual level problem  2. Abnormal mother who is emotionally detached and loveless  In both cases, imagine the plight of the family. The husband expects certain help, support and understanding from his wife for family and children. But it is absent. There is sex but no love. The mother is unable to pick up social cues and is selfish. She starts masking techniques and starts blaming husband or family for anything that goes wrong around. She does not understand the protectiveness of her husband and never engages in a proper conversation on it.  She does cooking for family but is not emotionally attached to them. Her children are confused and do not learn anything about social behaviour from her. She uses deception to remain in power but has poor decep...

Ethical approval has been made mandatory for studies except for retrospective studies, online surveys, surveys where no personal data is collected and for studies where established therapies are used and no experimental intervention is done. But there are many journals that insist on ethical approval even for these 4 cases. Ridiculous! Ethical committee approval -The sham! But my question is-what's the need? Because when you say there is a need, you are assuming a number of things - 1. That the ethical committee is a competent one 2. That the ethical committee is an independent authority  3. That the ethical committee does not do any biases or prejudices 4. That the ethical committee is acting under no pressure  5. That the ethical committee has full knowledge of each and every subject of the study  6. That the ethical committee decision is always right  7. That after approval, the study did go as per the protocol  Considering that humans can never be assumed to...

Thermoregulation is a normal process in warm blooded animals including humans that tries to maintain body temperature. Hypothalamus in brain, thermoreceptors, skin sweat glands, blood vessels, and hormones such as thyroid hormones all coordinate and function together to retain body heat or cause loss of excess body heat.  Thermoregulation in humans  When external temperature rises, sweat glands start producing sweat which on evaporation carries the body heat with it. Blood vessels of skin dilate and release beat to atmosphere. Thyroid hormones decreases production to reduce body metabolic rate. All this is regulated via hypothalamus and receptors. Thirst centre is also activated to cause intake of water to replenish body water loss. Urine output also falls to reduce water loss since excess water is being lost via sweat production and evaporation.  When outside temperature falls, sweat glands decrease sweat production, skin blood vessels dilate and thyroid hormones product...

Pani Puri is an Indian delicacy and street food. People of all ages relish it.  It consists of a stuffed wheat puri (puffed food) with spicy and tangy water. The stuffing is of soaked and boiled and cooked white peas (ragda) and mashed potatoes.  But the puri made of wheat flour is fried in oil to puff it. This implies more oils and fats going into our gut and body. Health conscious individuals and obese individuals might therefore be concerned about eating too much of Pani Puri. They have an appetite for it but have to fall short of appetite appeasement due to the high fat content.  Bug no more. You can make non-oily puris in a microwave. Steps are: 1. Purchase Pani Puri discs available in market in supermarkets and stores. They come in packets made by different companies. They are made from wheat flour, semolina, vegetable oil and salt. 150 g packet has around 60-64 puri discs. 2. To puff them, place them on the microwave plate. Keep each disc separately without touchin...

Indian government, Indian law, and pro-female organizations in that land talk about increasing education of girls and women. I get very amused at this ineffective and useless propoganda that does nothing great to help the girl child and women. This is because most women even if educated are unable to continue work, career or do entrepreneurship because their parents or in-laws or community will not allow them. So it means educate them for namesake and then make them stagnant to do caring and cooking jobs at home. In short, educate them and again throw them in the same gutter or furnace as before. Education gives them no financial independence, no autonomy, no freedom to decide for self or children. Then what is the role of education for them? Nothing. I pity the parents who think that educating a daughter makes them finish their duty towards her. They continue to rear her as a cow or sheep. The net result is an educated women with no respect or autonomy and no space of her own. This ca...

Couples come together for a common purpose. They bear children and start parenting them. But at times, they may grow apart and not want to remain a couple. They may want to separate. But society and law often prevents this separation. Because they feel that children might get affected due to the separation. Hence, law has made divorce difficult and asks couples the reason for the separation. They need to show some fault in the partner in order to get legal separation. But this only opens another Pandora's box in which false accusations and blame game begins. This is unhealthy and stressful not only for the couple but also for their children. Divorce of their parents does affect children. It can lead to stress and academic struggles in them. They might suffer severe mental stress and demonstrate behaviour changes in them. They may have anxiety, depression, feeling of guilt and shame and sadness. This may affect them in school and their social circle. They could become an object of r...

Foods provide us with nutrition and are fuels for our daily activities and movements. This includes thinking and such mental activities as well.  Foods have varying amounts of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and trace metals. These are basic components of food and should be in right proportions in daily diet for health and prevention of diseases. Diseases result from shortage of food, excess of food, as well as deficiency and excess of any of the above components of food.  Also, read Ways of eating idlis  Humans learned to cook food after fire was made using stones. They also use sun for drying and fermenting of foods. Some vegetables and fruits are eaten raw such as in form of salads. Spices were discovered and cultivated and humans started using them in their foods to enhance flavour, taste, and aroma of foods.  Foods are cereals, pulses, vegetables, oils and fats, fruits, nuts etc. These can be made into different dishes by combining or alone. M...

Our planet, Earth is an important abode for every living being including plants and animals. Earth belongs to everyone. Humans are the superior living beings, but they are also the ones destroying nature and earth with their excessive deeds and misdeeds.  Climate change and global warming are also the consequence of wrong human activities in excess. Industrial revolution of the 19th century paved the way for this downhill process of environmental deterioration. It has reached a stage where excessive temperatures are giving rise to glacier and ice cap melting, sea water level rising, ecosystem disruption, weather crisis, and high rates of infections and allergies.  Also, read Dementia and its risks and management  Effective steps need to be taken promptly and on a large scale to mitigate this climate crisis and in the meantime, measures to adapt to the rising temperatures also are required to be started.  However, in all this, some people make such vague statements th...

I had met my classmate around 4 months back and informed her also about my mom's death. But in a recent email, she wrote to me that I had met her a couple of years back. She also enquired about my mom. Seeing her email, the first thought that came to my mind was: is she suffering from early dementia. I hope not. Maybe, she just forgot about the time that I had met her a few months back. Maybe because it was a hurried and surprise visit.  Nonetheless, dementia is on the rise. It affects people after 60 years of age. The increased life expectancy means that one will see more of such cases in the near future.  India has around 10 million dementia cases out of the world total of 57 million. This is a huge percentage. It affects not only an individual but the whole family. There is this individual who is physically okay but mentally absent. The person needs custodial care and it could turn out to be expensive. It is also emotionally disturbing to see your loved one in that state of...

 Have you heard of fish sperm facial treatment? It is a new form of face and skin rejuvenation that is taking the world by storm.  What is fish sperm facial treatment? This is a treatment similar to fillers or botox. The aim is same but the mechanism of action and materials used differ.  The fillers and botox injections are anti-aging therapies aimed to hide wrinkles and make the person look young. Fish sperm facial treatment has a similar aim to make a person look youthful.  But in this new therapy, pure fish DNA is used for the purpose. Fish DNA is very closely resembling human DNA. When applied topically or injected into the skin, it stimulates production of collagen and elastin. These two proteins give tautness and elasticity to skin and make it look younger and glowing. These skin proteins reduce with age and cause the skin wrinkles and aged look.  The therapy is also called polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) therapy.  How is fish sperm facial treatment gi...

I am a super-specialist doctor. Hence, when I learned about the pulmonology conference in Nepal in September 2025, I thought of attending it since I was there for some other work.  But I ultimately decided against attending the Nepal Respiratory society conference. You will agree that 'the first impression is the last impression'. And my first impression about the conference and organizers, unfortunately, was bad.  Reasons: 1. Incomplete information on internet  No proper directions on internet. There was incomplete and wrong information.  2. No office When anyone makes a medical society or association, it needs to have a proper physical address, phone number, and email id. But this, Nepal respiratory society, lacked all of this.  3. Piecemeal information  Initially, the registration details had no details about registration for international delegates. Later, this was added. But again, there was improper info on it. At one place, the fees was 12k npr and a...

 Health of Society is equally important as that of an individual. But outdated cultures and negative mindsets of people can affect the society's health and cause it to deteriorate. Take for instance, the love and worship of a male child in Indian society worldwide. This has not changed over the years despite laws being laid for gender equality under British colonial rule as well as self-rule.  Love and worship of male children In the regressive Indian culture, male child is valued while female children and women are just taken as a symbol of sex and reproduction. Despite women of today pursuing higher education and taking up important roles in the society and workforce, nothing substantial has changed for them at the home front.  Read here: How human milk banks in India are exploiting women in the name of nobility? Besides, such independent women in India are a minimum and cannot put forth their points assertively. And at home, they still continue to follow culture laid g...

 Indian culture is ant-women though it is a taboo to talk about this fact. Laws also do not support truly. There is something else written and something else said and done.  Women are usually put on more manual jobs and paid less. They are rarely given leadership jobs though they could have been better leaders of the hurdles in their lives were abolished.  Now coming to sperm donation vs human milk donation. If you see both, and think on those, you will realise that human milk donation is much more valuable and useful. Yet, human milk donors are either not paid or are paid less. But sperm donors are always paid and paid more. Why this difference???? Read: How to eat idlis? Law fails to help these mothers who I would say are exploited in the name of humanity. When sperm donation and surrogacy are compensated, why not human milk donation be compensated at par??? A food for thought!!!

 During my trip down South, I had the opportunity to watch common people enjoy traditional southern foods. Idlis are one such popular food items that can be consumed anytime of the day. They can be had during breakfast, lunch, or dinner or anytime in between.  Idlis are traditionally South Indian delicacies. They are rice and lentil cakes that are steamed. They are usually salty but in Mauritius, you will find sweet varities as well in small shops and restaurants there.  Idlis are healthy food items and are a good source of carbohydrates, proteins, and healthy fats. They have minerals and vitamins and have the goodness of fermented foods too. They are served with sambhar (curry made of dal) and chutney (coconut, tomato or the like). Some also savour them with yoghurt, ghee (clarified butter) or spice mix (podi).  Idli pizza A modern twist to idli dish has been as idli masala (idlis usually small-sized covered with spices), idli fry (idlis usually small-sized that are...

Beet root is a nutritious root vegetable with a lot of phytonutrients and consequent health benefits.  Beet root is rich in vitamins, minerals, and fiber. It has nitrates that improves blood flow and circulation and lessens blood pressure.  100 g of beet root has 43 calories. Protein is 1.6 g, carbohydrates 9.6 g and fats 0.2 g. The fiber content is 2.8 g in 100 g. Sugar is just 6.8 g.  It has plenty of micronutrients. It is rich in iron, vitamin C and B6. Additionally, it has folate, potassium, manganese, magnesium and copper. 87% of beet root is water.  Moreover, it has inorganic nitrates, betanin, and vulgaxanthin.  Beet root lowers blood pressure and risk of heart diseases. It improves stamina and exercise performance. It increases iron content and hemoglobin formation.  Thus, beet root is a healthy food option. You can have it raw or cooked or as a smoothie or juice.  But there are many who do not like the taste of beet root. Please read on to kno...

Carbonated drinks are soft drinks that have pressurized carbon dioxide oxide in them. Examples include coca cola, pepsi, merinda, sida, 7 up, limca etc.  When we talk a gulp of and swallow the drink, the carbon dioxide in it is released and distends the stomach. Moreover, with hurried gulping down of the drink, we also swallow air in the process. This adds to the distension.  This gastric distension causes irritation of the diaphragm muscles and nerves that cause hiccups.  Causes of stomach pain in giardiasis   The hiccups are temporary and subside soon after. 

Giardiasis is an infectious gut condition caused by Giardia lamblia. This parasite reaches the gut via infected food and water. It attaches to the gut lining and proliferates to produce disease in the patient.  Symptoms   Giardiasis causes nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, gas, bloating, loose motions, weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite. It interferes with nutrients absorption and if untreated can gradually cause weight loss.  Stools are pale in color, greasy and foul smelling. Loose motions are either recurrent or persistent. Heartburns are common.  Read here: Obesity in children in India  Reason for stomach ache in giardiasis  1. The pathogens invade the gut lining and cause inflammation .  2. There are muscle cramps due to the inflammatory response  3. Gas formation leads to stomach ache 4. There is absorptive disorder. Bile salts are not absorbed and there is imbalance of acid formation. Hyperacidity is common and this too causes tummy pain....

Have you ever tasted Goyaves de Chine or Chinese guavas? They are small fruits that resemble guavas but are miniature in size.  Goyaves de Chine or Chinese guavas  These small-sized fruits are found in ample in Mauritius in the month of April. They ripen in that month and are a traditional delicacy sold in the streets.  The color of these fruits range from green to red to yellow. The green fruits are not yet ripe and are a bit firmish. The red ones are softer and have a sour taste while the yellow ones are larger in size with a sweet taste.  Chinese guavas or  Goyaves de Chine  These fruits get softer and rot faster. Therefore consume them on the same day you purchase them. Also, this is the reason that vendors pluck them up early from the trees when they are still red.  These fruits are also called cherry guavas or strawberry guavas or lemon guava. It is native in Brazil and also grows in Hawaii.  The skin or peel of the fruit is quite thin and i...